Sumário Itens Encontrados: 1651 Relational Databases and SQL 1What Is SQL? 2Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, and Oracle 3Relational Databases 4Primary and Foreign Keys 6Datatypes 6NULL Values 8The Significance of SQL 8Looking Ahead 92 Basic Data Retrieval 11A Simple SELECT 11Syntax Notes 12Comments 13Specifying Columns 14Column Names with Embedded Spaces 15Preview of the Full SELECT 16Looking Ahead 173 Calculated Fields and Aliases 19Literal Values 20Arithmetic Calculations 21Concatenating Fields 22Column Aliases 23Table Aliases 24Looking Ahead 254 Using Functions 27What Is a Function? 27Character Functions 28Composite Functions 32Date/Time Functions 33Numeric Functions 35Conversion Functions 36Looking Ahead 395 Sorting Data 41Sorting in Ascending Order 41Sorting in Descending Order 43Sorting by Multiple Columns 43Sorting by a Calculated Field 44Sort Sequences 45Looking Ahead 476 Selection Criteria 49Applying Selection Criteria 49WHERE Clause Operators 50Limiting Rows 51Limiting Rows with a Sort 53Pattern Matching 54Wildcards 56Looking Ahead 587 Boolean Logic 61Complex Logical Conditions 61The AND Operator 62The OR Operator 62Using Parentheses 63Multiple Sets of Parentheses 65The NOT Operator 66The BETWEEN Operator 68The IN Operator 69Boolean Logic and NULL Values 70Looking Ahead 728 Conditional Logic 73The CASE Expression 73The Simple CASE Format 74The Searched CASE Format 76Conditional Logic in ORDER BY Clauses 78Conditional Logic in WHERE Clauses 79Looking Ahead 809 Summarizing Data 81Eliminating Duplicates 81Aggregate Functions 83The COUNT Function 84Grouping Data 86Multiple Columns and Sorting 87Selection Criteria on Aggregates 89Conditional Logic in GROUP BY Clauses 91Conditional Logic in HAVING Clauses 92Ranking Functions 93Partitions 97Looking Ahead 10010 Subtotals and Crosstabs 101Adding Subtotals with ROLLUP 102Adding Subtotals with CUBE 106Creating Crosstab Layouts 110Looking Ahead 11411 Inner Joins 115Joining Two Tables 116The Inner Join 118Table Order in Inner Joins 119An Alternate Specification of Inner Joins 119Table Aliases Revisited 120Looking Ahead 12112 Outer Joins 123The Outer Join 123Left Joins 125Testing for NULL Values 127Right Joins 128Table Order in Outer Joins 129Full Joins 129Cross Joins 131Looking Ahead 13413 Self Joins and Views 135Self Joins 135Creating Views 137Referencing Views 139Benefits of Views 140Modifying and Deleting Views 141Looking Ahead 14214 Subqueries 143Types of Subqueries 143Using a Subquery as a Data Source 144Using a Subquery in Selection Criteria 147Correlated Subqueries 148The EXISTS Operator 150Using a Subquery as a Calculated Column 151Common Table Expressions 152Looking Ahead 15315 Set Logic 155Using the UNION Operator 156Distinct and Non-Distinct Unions 158Intersecting Queries 159Looking Ahead 16116 Stored Procedures and Parameters 163Creating Stored Procedures 164Parameters in Stored Procedures 165Executing Stored Procedures 167Modifying and Deleting Stored Procedures 167Functions Revisited 168Looking Ahead 16917 Modifying Data 171Modification Strategies 171Inserting Data 172Deleting Data 175Updating Data 176Correlated Subquery Updates 177Looking Ahead 17918 Maintaining Tables 181Data Definition Language 181Table Attributes 182Table Columns 183Primary Keys and Indexes 183Foreign Keys 184Creating Tables 185Creating Indexes 187Looking Ahead 18719 Principles of Database Design 189Goals of Normalization 190How to Normalize Data 191The Art of Database Design 195Alternatives to Normalization 196Looking Ahead 19720 Strategies for Displaying Data 199Crosstab Layouts Revisited 199Excel and External Data 200Excel Pivot Tables 203Looking Ahead 207A Getting Started with Microsoft SQL Server 209Installing SQL Server 2016 Express 209Installing SQL Server 2016 Management Studio Express 210Using SQL Server 2016 Management Studio Express 210B Getting Started with MySQL 211Installing MySQL on Windows 211Installing MySQL on a Mac 212Using MySQL Workbench 213C Getting Started with Oracle 215Installing Oracle Database Express Edition 215Using Oracle Database Express Edition 216Index 217